Things to know about the bunga raya
When you think of Malaysia, the bunga raya, or hibiscus, probably pops into your head. With its bold red petals and tropical vibes, this flower is more than just a pretty face – it is packed with symbolism and stories.
Here are 7 things you need to know about this iconic bloom, so you can brag about them this Merdeka and Malaysia Day.
Table of Contents
1. It is called the Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis
Image credit: Robert Thiemann via Unsplash
The bunga raya, scientifically known as Hibiscus rosa sinensis, is a tropical shrub that loves the warm and humid Malaysian weather. Its big trumpet-shaped flowers can stretch several inches across, making quite a statement in any garden.
While hibiscus blooms come in a rainbow of colours, it was the vibrant red variety that stole the spotlight as Malaysia’s national emblem. Bonus points, this flower grows all over the country, so pretty much every Malaysian can say it is a part of their backyard, too.
2. It was chosen in 1960
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On 28th July 1960, the government officially declared the bunga raya as Malaysia’s national flower. This came just a few years after independence in 1957, symbolising a fresh new start for the nation. The hibiscus was picked not just for its beauty but also for its wide appeal and adaptability, making it a unifying symbol that all Malaysians can relate to.
3. The colour red matters
Image credit: Flickr
The hibiscus, with its striking red petals, is more than just an eye-catching bloom. Red represents courage, vitality, and rapid growth – qualities that reflected Malaysia’s dreams as a young and developing nation.
The flower is also typically linked to love and passion, making it the perfect emblem for the spirit of unity and pride shared by Malaysians everywhere.
4. Five Petals to represent the five Rukun Negara
Image credit: Amirulhadi Mohamad via Facebook
One of the most meaningful things about the bunga raya is its five broad petals, each said to represent one of the Five Principles of the Rukun Negara, Malaysia’s national philosophy introduced in 1970 after a period of social unrest.
These principles are Belief in God, Loyalty to King and Country, Upholding the Constitution, Rule of Law, and Good Behaviour and Morality. Together, they form the core values that guide Malaysian society, and the hibiscus acts as a daily reminder of them for everyone.
5. Bunga Raya is a common garden favourite
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Beyond its official symbolism, the hibiscus is a favourite in gardens all over Malaysia. Hardy and easy to care for, it blooms generously in tropical weather, filling homes, schools, and public parks with colour and cheer.
Many Malaysians grow the bunga raya in their yards, making it not just a national symbol but also a familiar and personal part of everyday life.
6. More than just decorative
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Traditionally, the hibiscus has also been valued for its practical uses. In some communities, its flowers and leaves have been used in herbal remedies to ease common ailments, while crushed petals were believed to keep hair healthy.
Its natural pigments have even been used as a gentle dye. This versatility shows that the bunga raya has been loved not just for its beauty but also for its usefulness.
7. A symbol seen everywhere
Image credit: @foliagebyrap via Instagram
The bunga raya has firmly planted itself in Malaysia’s identity. You can spot it on coins, postage stamps, official emblems, and government seals, cementing its status as a national symbol.
Artists and designers celebrate it in batik prints, traditional crafts, and modern motifs, keeping it alive in both cultural heritage and contemporary expression.
Things to know about the bunga raya
From brightening home gardens to featuring on official state emblems, the bunga raya stands as a reminder of unity, strength, and cultural pride. Just like its petals unfurling under the sun, it continues to embody Malaysia’s spirit of openness, resilience, and growth.
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Cover image adapted from: @foliagebyrap via Instagram